{"id":1451,"date":"2017-03-02T09:06:01","date_gmt":"2017-03-02T09:06:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/?p=1451"},"modified":"2018-11-20T11:03:32","modified_gmt":"2018-11-20T11:03:32","slug":"reacciones-acido-base","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/reacciones-acido-base\/","title":{"rendered":"Acid-base reactions"},"content":{"rendered":"

WHAT IS AN ACID-BASE REACTION<\/h2>\n

The acid-base reactions<\/strong>\u00a0are chemical reactions<\/a> where an acid and a base are involved. When the acid and base react with each other, they react, producing a neutralisation,<\/strong> They are therefore also known as neutralisation reactions..<\/strong>\u00a0They are one of the most important reactions in chemistry, occurring continuously in nature. Acid-base reactions are understood under the previous understanding of the concept of pH<\/strong><\/a>. An acid-base reaction or neutralisation reaction<\/strong> is a chemical reaction<\/a> that occurs between a acid<\/a> and a base<\/a> producing a salt and water and usually releasing some gas.<\/p>\n

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EXPERIMENTS WITH ACID-BASE REACTIONS<\/h2>\n
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pH measurements of household liquids<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<\/strong> In this experiment, we can learn the basics of pH by measuring it in common liquids that we have at home: lemon juice, bleach, water...<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
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4 Experiments with citric acid and bicarbonate of soda<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<\/strong> The reaction that takes place between citric acid and sodium bicarbonate is an acid-base reaction, which is very controlled, but at the same time allows for fun, simple and eye-catching experiments. <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
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Volcano Experiment<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<\/strong> In this fun experiment you will be able to see a small acid-base reaction, very funny and eye-catching as CO2 gas is generated, with the products coming out of the container where it is located. <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
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Reaction of hydrochloric acid and caustic soda<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<\/strong> Reaction between hydrochloric acid and caustic soda. It is a very strong reaction between 2 common elements that we have at home. Interestingly, the result of this reaction is table salt. <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
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Self-inflating balloons<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<\/strong> A fun experiment using citric acid (or vinegar) and baking soda where you can blow up your own balloons. <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
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CHARACTERISTICS OF NEUTRALISATION REACTIONS<\/h2>\n

Neutralisation reactions, or acid-base reactions, are generally exothermic. <\/strong>This means that they give off energy in the form of heat. They are neutralisation reactions because when an acid reacts with a base, they neutralise each other's properties.<\/p>\n

When an acid-base reaction is completely neutralised, the pH equals 7<\/strong>. The word salt describes any ionic compound whose cation comes from a base, e.g. sodium in sodium hydroxide (Na+ in NaOH) and whose anion comes from an acid, e.g. chlorine in hydrochloric acid (Cl- in HCl).<\/p>\n

EXAMPLES OF ACID-BASE REACTIONS<\/h2>\n

Probably one of the best known acid-base reactions is that of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, from which common salt and water would be obtained. It is precisely these 2 components that are used in swimming pools to raise (NaOH) and lower (HCl) the pH. By neutralising each other, you do not increase the amount of chemicals in the pool, but neutralise them.<\/p>\n

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HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) \u2192 H2<\/sub>O (l) + NaCl (aq)<\/strong><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n

Another well-known reaction is that of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) with citric acid (C6H8O7), so often used in chemistry experiments, such as the volcano experiment<\/a>, o rocket experiment<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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C6H8O7(aq) + NaHCO3(s)\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>-> C6H5O7Na3(aq) + 3 H2O(l) + 3 CO2(g)<\/span><\/strong><\/dt>\n<\/dl>\n

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ACID-BASE REACTIONS IN NATURE<\/h3>\n

In everyday life there are many situations where acid-base reactions occur, and where it is important to control acidity or alkalinity. Some of these situations are:<\/p>\n