{"id":1565,"date":"2017-03-09T11:42:54","date_gmt":"2017-03-09T11:42:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/?p=1565"},"modified":"2022-04-27T12:48:58","modified_gmt":"2022-04-27T12:48:58","slug":"calcular-cantidad-aceite-sosa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/calcular-cantidad-aceite-sosa\/","title":{"rendered":"How to calculate the amount of oil and soda for soap making"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In the development of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/jabon\/\">soap<\/a>especially if it is <a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/hacer-jabon-sosa-caustica-aceite\/\">soap with caustic soda and oil<\/a>One of the most important parts is to know the proportions of oil and soda to use. This way you can use the oils that are most useful for you, depending on your skin type or the properties you want to give to the soap. Let's see how to calculate the amount of oil and soda to make soap.<\/p>\n<p>In the reaction between the caustic soda and the oil, what occurs is a <strong>saponification<\/strong> of the oil. The <b>saponification<\/b> is a chemical process by which a fatty body, together with an alkali (also called a base) and water, results in soap and glycerine.<\/p>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-2654312438869140\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display: block; text-align: center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2654312438869140\" data-ad-slot=\"1853379786\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><br \/>\nEach type of oil will need a certain amount of soda to saponify. Have the <strong>saponification rates<\/strong> of the most commonly used oils will allow you to use the right amount of soda for each type of oil.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1568 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/aceites-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"indice de saponificaci\u00f3n\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/aceites-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/aceites-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/aceites-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/aceites.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><strong>OVERFATTING FOR DERMO-COSMETIC SOAPS<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Caustic soda is a product with a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/ph\/\">pH<\/a> very high, and therefore very corrosive. To make a soap suitable for dermo-cosmetic use we must ensure that all the caustic soda is neutralised with the oils, and to ensure that there is no trace of caustic soda (or sodium hydroxide) it will be necessary to add more oil than indicated in the table (or less soda). This is known as over-oiling. You will end up with more moisturising soaps, as they will have an unsaponified amount of oil. It is also important to check the pH level of the soap obtained to make sure that the pH is not harmful to the skin. Here you can see some <a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3F6Bir7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pH test strips<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The degree of overfatting will define the type of soap: for dry skins an overfatting of 10-12% is used and for less oily skins, 7-8%.<\/p>\n<p>To prevent the oil that remains in the soap from degrading, we use a few drops of vitamin E, which is an antioxidant.<\/p>\n<p>For washing machine soaps, this overgreasing is not necessary.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>SAPONIFICATION INDEX MAIN OILS<\/strong><\/h2>\n<table class=\"aligncenter\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Fatty Acid<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<h4><strong>SAP NaOH<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>SAP KOH<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Olive Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,136<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,190<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Sunflower oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,137<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,192<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Avocado Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,133<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,187<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Sweet Almond Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,138<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,192<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Cocoa Butter<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,137<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,193<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Coconut butter<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,184<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,266<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Shea butter<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,184<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,266<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Sesame Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,134<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,187<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Soybean oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,136<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,190<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Castor Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,129<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,179<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Palm oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,146<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,199<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Lanolin<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,076<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,106<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Jojoba oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,066<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,098<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Wheat Germ Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,134<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,185<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Calendula Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,136<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,190<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Argan Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,136<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,191<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Rice Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,128<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,179<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Coconut Oil<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,178<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Beeswax<\/td>\n<td>\u00a00,069<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><strong>CALCULATING THE QUANTITY OF oil and soda to make soap<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Calculating caustic soda (NaOH - sodium hydroxide) or potassium soda (KOH - potassium hydroxide) is very simple. Multiply the amount of oil you are going to use by the saponification index:<\/p>\n<p>If we are going to make an oil with 300ml of olive oil, we use:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>300&#215;0,136=<strong>40,8 grams caustic soda<\/strong> (NaOH) or if we prefer to use potassium soda<\/li>\n<li>300&#215;0,190=<strong>57 grams of potassium soda<\/strong> (KOH)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To this value the overfatting must be applied, for example for a <strong>10% dry skin<\/strong> - &gt;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>40,8 grams x (1-0,1)=<strong>36.72 grams of caustic soda<\/strong> o<\/li>\n<li>57 x (1-0,1)=<strong>51.3 grams of potassium soda<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So the amount of caustic soda to be used for a soap with 200ml olive oil and 10% of overfatting is <strong>36.2 grams<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>If we are going to mix oils, the operation will be the same but multiplying each one by its saponification index.  For example, 250ml of olive oil and 50ml of coconut butter, the calculation would be as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>250\u00d70.136+50\u00d70.184=43.2 grams of caustic soda (similar for potassium soda with its rates), applying the overfatting of 10% would be 38.88 grams.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>CALCULATE THE AMOUNT OF WATER<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The calculation of the amount of water to be used is very simple, as it is between 30 or 40% of the amount of oil used.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of the example, where we have used 300ml of oil, the amount of water would be:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Amount of water (for 30% of fats) = 300mlx0.3 = 90ml.<\/li>\n<li>Amount of water (for 40% of fats) = 300mlx0,4 = 120ml<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">When using fattier and harder butters, it is advisable to be closer to 40%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In summary, to make a dermo-cosmetic soap, suitable for the skin, the quantities are as follows.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">300 ml olive oil<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">36.72 g caustic soda or 51.3 g potassium soda<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">90-120 ml water<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you need help in calculating percentages\/quantities click here: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.calcularporcentaje.net\/\">calculatepercentage.net<\/a><\/p>\n<pre class=\"ad-code _ngcontent-esy-53\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"text-align:center\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2654312438869140\" data-ad-slot=\"1853379786\"><\/ins><\/pre>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When making soap, especially if it is soap with caustic soda and oil, one of the most important parts is to know the proportions of oil and soda to use. This way you can use the oils that are most useful for you, depending on your skin type or the properties you want to give to the soap.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1568,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00f3mo calcular la cantidad de aceite y de sosa para hacer jab\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vamos a ver c\u00f3mo calcular la cantidad de aceite y de sosa para hacer jab\u00f3n, dermocosm\u00e9tico o de lavadora y conseguir as\u00ed el jab\u00f3n con propiedades \u00f3ptimas.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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