{"id":2752,"date":"2018-02-20T08:19:53","date_gmt":"2018-02-20T08:19:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/?page_id=2752"},"modified":"2018-09-30T15:55:36","modified_gmt":"2018-09-30T15:55:36","slug":"agua","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/agua\/","title":{"rendered":"Water: Characteristics and Types"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Water is the most common element in nature. It is a base composed of <strong>2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom<\/strong>Water, with the formula H2O, although in nature it is impossible to find it in its purest state of H2O. Water is the most common element in nature, occupying 71% of the earth's crust, i.e. almost 2\/3 of the crust is water. Within this %, 96.5% corresponds to water in the oceans. Glaciers account for 1.74% and in underground reservoirs (aquifers), continental glaciers account for 1.72 %. Lakes, soil moisture, atmosphere, reservoirs, rivers and living things would occupy the remaining 0.04% of water.<\/p>\n<h2>CHEMICAL NAME OF WATER<\/h2>\n<p>According to IUPAC, the chemical name for water is dihydrogen monoxide, with<strong> chemical formula<\/strong> from <strong>H2O<\/strong>. A water molecule is made up of two\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/atomo\/\">atoms<\/a>\u00a0hydrogen with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/atomo\/enlace-covalente\/\">covalent bond<\/a>\u00a0to a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/tabla-periodica\/oxigeno\/\">oxygen atom<\/a>In nature it is practically impossible in its pure state and is always found with dissolved salts in one concentration or another.<\/p>\n<h2>PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Boiling Point<\/td>\n<td>100\u00baC or 373.15 K (at 1 atm pressure)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Melting Point<\/td>\n<td>0\u00baC or 273K (At 1 atm pressure)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Latent Heat of Fusion<\/td>\n<td>0.334 kJ\/g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Latent Boiling Heat<\/td>\n<td>2.23 kJ\/g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Water Density<\/td>\n<td>1Kg\/L <a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/densidad\/densidad-agua\/\">see more<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Taste, Smell and Appearance<\/td>\n<td>Colourless, odourless and tasteless<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pH<\/td>\n<td>pH=7, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/ph\/\">see more<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Conductivity<\/td>\n<td>Pure water does not conduct electricity, but conductivity increases in the presence of ions. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/conductividad\/conductividad-del-agua\/\">see more<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>With increasing pressure, the melting point decreases slightly, which is about -5 \u00b0C at 600 atm and -22 \u00b0C at 2100 atm.<\/p>\n<p>At the summit of Mount Everest, where the atmospheric pressure is about 0.34 atm, water boils at about 70 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/densidad\/densidad-agua\/\">Water density<\/a><\/strong>. The density of pure, distilled water would correspond to 1kg\/L, or 1000kg\/m3. However, as mentioned above, it is difficult to find water in its pure H2O state. That is why the density of water varies according to its salt content. Here you can see it in detail: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/densidad\/densidad-agua\/\">water density<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/ph\/ph-del-agua\/\">Water PH<\/a><\/strong>. The pH of water depends directly on the salts, CO2, ... dissolved in it. The pH of distilled water would be pH=7, but drinking water, sea water or swimming pool water can vary between 6 and 9. Read here all the information about the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/ph\/ph-del-agua\/\">Water pH<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/conductividad\/conductividad-del-agua\/\">Water Conductivity<\/a><\/strong>. As in the previous cases, we find that conductivity varies according to the composition of the water. Pure distilled water, H2O, does not conduct electricity, but when salts are added to it, its conductivity increases. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/conductividad\/conductividad-del-agua\/\">Read more<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>EXPERIMENTS ON WATER<\/h2>\n<p><div class=\"facetwp-template\" data-name=\"agua\">\n<div style=\"margin-top: 20px\">\n\n\n<div style=\"float: left; width: 18%\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"float:left; width: 78%; margin-left: 2%\">\n<div>\n\n<div><h3 class=\"entry-title\" style=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/electricidad-agua\/\">Electricity Through Water Experiment<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<strong><\/strong> In this experiment we are going to see how water without salt does not conduct electricity, while water with salt does. We will do this by means of a small circuit, where a light bulb will light up when the water conducts electricity.<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"margin-top: 20px\">\n\n\n<div style=\"float: left; width: 18%\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"float:left; width: 78%; margin-left: 2%\">\n<div>\n\n<div><h3 class=\"entry-title\" style=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/potabilizar-agua-de-mar\/\">How to make seawater drinkable<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<strong><\/strong> In this experiment we are going to see how seawater can be made drinkable. With heat, a black plastic bag and a container, you will see that it is easy to make drinking water from seawater.<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"margin-top: 20px\">\n\n\n<div style=\"float: left; width: 18%\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"float:left; width: 78%; margin-left: 2%\">\n<div>\n\n<div><h3 class=\"entry-title\" style=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/experimento-medir-ph-salinidad-agua\/\">Experiment Measuring Seawater pH and Salinity<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<strong><\/strong> Do we know the water we bathe in? With this experiment we are going to find out some basic parameters of the water in which we usually bathe.<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"margin-top: 20px\">\n\n\n<div style=\"float: left; width: 18%\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"float:left; width: 78%; margin-left: 2%\">\n<div>\n\n<div><h3 class=\"entry-title\" style=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/hacer-bolitas-de-gel\/\">Making Gel Balls<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<strong><\/strong> The gel balls are an experiment suitable for the youngest children. In different colours, you will see how they grow when they are put in water. <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>You can also see all the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/\">experiments for children<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>WATER CYCLE<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6828 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ciclo-del-agua-1024x524.png\" alt=\"Agua - Ciclo\" width=\"665\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ciclo-del-agua-1024x524.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ciclo-del-agua-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ciclo-del-agua-768x393.png 768w, https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ciclo-del-agua-660x338.png 660w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/h2>\n<p>Water on Earth is in a constant cycle. From evaporation from lakes and oceans, as well as evaporation and transpiration on land and plants. Through precipitation and ending in the displacement of this water back into the sea. Total precipitation is 119 000 km\u00b3 each year.<\/p>\n<h2>TYPES OF WATER<\/h2>\n<p>As we have already mentioned, water occupies 71% of the earth's crust. Its applications and uses are infinite, as you know, without water there is no life. Depending on its application, its location, or its characteristics, the different types of water are called by different names. Let's take a look at some of the best known types of water.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/agua\/agua-de-mar\/\">Sea Water<\/a><\/strong>. Seawater, as its name suggests, is the water found in the ocean. Its main characteristic is its high salt content, of the order of 35 grams per litre of water. It also has the characteristic that the composition, whether the ocean is more or less saline, is always the same. Enter our section of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/agua\/agua-de-mar\/\">Seawater<\/a>where we analyse point by point all the characteristics of the ocean water, Gulf Stream, etc...<\/li>\n<li><strong>Drinking Water<\/strong>. Drinking water is water that passes all regulations to be fit for human consumption. It can be bottled, spring or tap water.<\/li>\n<li>Alkaline water. Alkaline water is water that has a pH higher than 7. Various theories indicate that the best way to keep the body healthy is through alkaline substances, hence the importance of alkaline water.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Micellar Water<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Distilled Water<\/strong>. Distilled water is what corresponds to pure 100% water, H2O, without salts or any dissolved compounds. It is used in applications where a pH of 7 is required and you do not want to have any salt dissolved in the water. Interestingly, distilled water is in principle not suitable for human consumption.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Oxygenated water<\/strong>. Hydrogen peroxide is not exactly water, but its formula is H2O2. It has many applications, but over time it is losing its domestic use due to its oxidising properties. Curiously enough, this characteristic is what makes hydrogen peroxide so good for <a href=\"http:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/\">science experiments<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Water is the most common element in nature. It is a base composed of 2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 of oxygen, with the formula H2O, although in nature it is impossible to find it in its purest state of H2O. Water is the most common element in nature, occupying THE 71% of the crust [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Agua: Tipos de Agua y Propiedades<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Te explicamos todo sobre los diferentes tipos de agua y sus propiedades. Salinidad, conductividad, pH, densidad. 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