{"id":7806,"date":"2018-05-23T09:35:38","date_gmt":"2018-05-23T09:35:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/?page_id=7806"},"modified":"2022-03-11T10:09:34","modified_gmt":"2022-03-11T10:09:34","slug":"atomo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/atomo\/","title":{"rendered":"Atom - what is it?"},"content":{"rendered":"

The atom is the smallest part into which you can split an element. Supposing you could cut and cut, for example, a piece of aluminium, there would come a point where you would get to the smallest element of aluminium you can have, and this is an atom. atom<\/strong>. If you were to cut the atom, you would no longer have aluminium.<\/p>\n

DEFINITION OF ATOM<\/h2>\n

Strictly speaking, the concept of an atom is the smallest particle into which an element can be split without losing its chemical properties. Originally, the word atom, of Greek origin, meant \"indivisible\". Today, the subatomic particles of which an atom is composed are known, and it is known how an atom can be fissioned.<\/p>\n

STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM. ELECTRONS, PROTONS AND NEUTRONS<\/h2>\n

\"atomo\"<\/p>\n

The atom is composed of 3 subatomic particles (electrons, protons and neutrons). Structurally, it consists of a nucleus and a shell. The nucleus is where all the mass of the atom is located.<\/p>\n

ELECTRONS:<\/strong> Electrons are practically massless, negatively charged particles. They move around the nucleus.
\nPROTONES:<\/strong> Protons do have mass and are found in the nucleus of the atom, together with neutrons. Protons have a positive charge.
\nNEUTRONS:<\/strong> Neutrons are found in the nucleus of the atom, have the same mass as protons and have no charge. As soon as an isotope appears where there are 2 or more neutrons than protons, the atom is unstable. (see radioactivity<\/a>)<\/p>\n

The\u00a0protons, neutrons and electrons\u00a0<\/strong>are the subatomic particles that make up the structure of the atom. What differentiates one atom from another is the relationship between them.<\/p>\n

HOW ATOMS DIFFER<\/h2>\n

The elements are arranged in order in the periodic table according to their\u00a0atomic number<\/strong>. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0atomic mass<\/strong>\u00a0is determined by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Electrons are not taken into account in the atomic mass because they have almost no mass. To give an example of the most common elements:<\/p>\n