periodic table<\/a>. It is a transition metal with a reddish colour and metallic lustre and is characterised by being one of the best conductors of electricity (second only to silver). Thanks to its high electrical conductivity, ductility and malleability, it has become the most widely used material for making electrical cables and other electrical elements and electronic components.<\/p>\nCopper forms part of a very large number of alloys which generally have better mechanical properties, although they have a lower electrical conductivity. The most important of these are known as bronzes and brasses. On the other hand, it is a durable metal because it can be recycled an almost unlimited number of times without losing its mechanical properties.<\/p>\n
copper<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nPROPERTIES OF COPPER<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nGeneral information<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n |
\nName, symbol, number<\/th>\n | Copper, Cu, 29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\nChemical series<\/th>\n | Transition metals<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\nGroup, period, block<\/th>\n | 11, 4, d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\nAtomic mass<\/th>\n | 63,536 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\nElectronic configuration<\/th>\n | [Ar]3d10<\/sup>4s1<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nMohs hardness<\/th>\n | 3,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nElectrons per level<\/th>\n | 2, 8, 18, 1 (image)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nAtomic properties<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | \nAverage radius<\/th>\n | 135 pm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nElectronegativity<\/th>\n | 1,9 (Pauling scale)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nAtomic radius (calc)<\/span><\/th>\n | 145 pm (Bohr radius)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nCovalent radius<\/th>\n | 138 pm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nvan der Waals radius<\/th>\n | 140 pm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nOxidation State(s)<\/th>\n | +1, +2<\/b>, +3<\/i>, +4<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nRust<\/th>\n | Slightly basic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n1.\u00aa Ionisation energy<\/span><\/th>\n | 745.5 kJ\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n2.\u00aa Ionisation energy<\/span><\/th>\n | 1957.9 kJ\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n3.\u00aa Ionisation energy<\/span><\/th>\n | 3555 kJ\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n4.\u00aa Ionisation energy<\/span><\/th>\n | 5536 kJ\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nPhysical properties<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | \nOrdinary status<\/th>\n | Solid (diamagnetic)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nDensity<\/th>\n | 8960 kg\/m3<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nMelting point<\/th>\n | 1357.77 K (1084.62 \u00b0C)[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/sup>\u200b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nBoiling point<\/th>\n | 2835 K (2562 \u00b0C)[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/sup>\u200b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nEnthalpy of vaporisation<\/th>\n | 300 kJ\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nEnthalpy of fusion<\/th>\n | 13.1 kJ\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nVarious<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | \nCrystalline structure<\/th>\n | Face-centred cubic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nCAS NO<\/th>\n | 7440-50-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nEINECS NO<\/th>\n | 231-159-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nSpecific heat<\/th>\n | 385 J\/(K-kg)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nElectrical conductivity<\/th>\n | 58,108 \u00d7 106<\/sup>\u00a0S\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nThermal conductivity<\/th>\n | 400 W\/(K-m)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nSpeed of sound<\/th>\n | 3570 m\/s at 293.15 K (20 \u00b0C)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nUSES OF COPPER<\/h2>\nCopper is one of the most widely used metals. Here are some of the applications of copper.<\/p>\n \n- Copper is the non-precious metal with the best\u00a0electrical conductivity<\/a>. This, together with its ductility and mechanical strength, makes copper the most widely used material in electrical cables, both light and telephone.<\/li>\n
- Also all computer equipment has copper in its circuits.<\/li>\n
- Copper is used in means of transport such as cars, trucks, in radiators and brakes. Trains also use large quantities in their construction.<\/li>\n
- Ship hulls contain copper and nickel alloys as they help to reduce fouling by marine life.<\/li>\n
- Water transport networks are made of copper or brass. Their corrosion resistance and antibacterial properties give them advantages over plastic ones. They do not burn and do not release toxic fumes.<\/li>\n
- As a component of architectural elements, especially door knobs of public buildings due to antibacterial properties.<\/li>\n
- Construction currently (2008) consumes 26 % of world copper production.<\/li>\n
- Coin minting: The one, two and five cent coins are made of copper-coated steel.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0The US penny coin is made of copper-plated zinc.<\/li>\n
- Machinery parts, such as bushings, bearings, trims, etc. It is part of costume jewellery, light bulbs and fluorescent tubes, boilers, electromagnets, coins, wind musical instruments, microwaves, heating and air-conditioning systems.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0Copper, bronze and brass are suitable for galvanising treatments to cover other metals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
COPPER COMPOUNDS<\/h2>\nOne of the best known copper compounds is copper sulphate. Copper sulphate, with the formula CuSO4<\/strong>has a multitude of applications in various segments:<\/p>\n\n- It is the leading algaecide for swimming pools.<\/li>\n
- Copper sulphate is the basis of Bordeaux mixture, the main fungicide used in agriculture.<\/li>\n
- Used as electrolyte in electroplating process<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/h2>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Copper, whose symbol is Cu, is the chemical element with atomic number 29 in the periodic table. It is a transition metal with a reddish colour and metallic lustre and is characterised by being one of the best conductors of electricity (second only to silver). Thanks to its high electrical conductivity, ductility and malleability, it has become the most widely used material in the manufacture of electrical cables and other electrical elements and components.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":69,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n Cobre<\/title>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n | | | | | | | | |