{"id":8859,"date":"2019-03-06T10:16:27","date_gmt":"2019-03-06T10:16:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/?page_id=8859"},"modified":"2019-03-06T12:52:08","modified_gmt":"2019-03-06T12:52:08","slug":"cristalografia-rayos-x","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.experimentoscientificos.es\/en\/cristalografia-rayos-x\/","title":{"rendered":"X-ray crystallography"},"content":{"rendered":"

The\u00a0X-ray crystallography<\/b>\u00a0is an experimental technique for the study and analysis of materials, based on the phenomenon of diffraction of the\u00a0X-rays<\/a>\u00a0by solids in a crystalline state.<\/p>\n

DIFRACTION<\/h2>\n

All materials crystalline<\/a> adopt a regular distribution of atoms or ions in space. The simplest portion of the structure which, when repeated by translation, reproduces the whole crystal is defined as a unit cell.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0diffraction<\/b>\u00a0is a wave phenomenon based on the deflection of waves when they encounter an obstacle or pass through a slit. One of the characteristics of a crystal, and indeed one that often gives a crystal its definition, is that a crystal has a non-diffuse and well-defined diffraction pattern<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

In this picture you can see the difference between diffraction, reflection and diffusion.<\/p>\n

\"Reflecci\u00f3n,<\/p>\n

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY<\/h2>\n

The crystals of have a well-defined diffraction pattern against light. X-rays have a wavelength the size of an order of magnitude of the atomic radius. Together, these two characteristics mean that by measuring the diffraction angles and phases of the x-rays, the components of the crystalline material can be known.<\/p>\n

It is a very broad and complex topic, which has been the subject of several Nobel Prizes. If you want to go deeper into the subject we recommend you read more here<\/a>.<\/p>\n